(4) “Brine electrolyzer”, S.Sankarasubramanian, P. Gayen, V. Ramani (WashU Disclosure # T-019234, 2021)

(3) “Microscale-bipolar-interface-enabled pH gradients in electrochemical devices”, Z. Wang*, J. Parrondo+, V. Ramani (WU Disclosure # T-018567, 2018)

(2) “Composite membrane consisting of anion exchange ionomer doped with suitable chemically inert oxide materials” Y. Zhang*, S. Sankarasubramanian+, V. Ramani (WU Disclosure # T-018611, 2018)

(1) “Reinforced anion exchange membranes”, S. Sankarasubramanian+, V. Ramani (WU Disclosure # T-018566, 2018)